The Scripture Of The Correct Essay Example For Students

The Scripture Of The Correct Essay Greetings acolyte. You shall recognize Our writings as undeniable Truth, for We are The Correct. That is Our Doctrine. While fools squander their time reminiscing about times long past and idols of another day, We carefully and precisely measure the worth of our Gods, and thereby ensure the continuation of Correctness. This document contains the foundation of Our right, and is a guide to attaining redemption in the eyes of Our Masters. Read it well, for without it you shall surely be lost and damned. The Correcttheir dwelling with false hopes of salvation, unaware of the Truth that exists; surrounding them; contained within them; and yet, unbeknowest to them. Only We know, for We are The We are The Correct. That is Our Doctrine. The unsuspecting masses have gathered in Correct. There are others who are partially Correct, however they do not know it. In the past, We have made attempts to guide the Incorrect among us, but it was a fruitless exercise. They either refused or were unable to create a distinction between Truth and Not. Through your training, you have come to learn segments of Truth, but have not been exposed to the grand majesty of The Way. The Correct have been promised infinite authority over what is; and as We have Our Masters, We are Masters of others; this they do not know. We will write a custom essay on The Scripture Of The Correct specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Correct also have the privilege of being protected from the Not, as well as having the capacity to revert Not to Truth; this occurs in its due time. The secular term holy could be used to describe Our state of being, however such a term is too limited and undefined to explain such a state. This shall all be explained to you shortly. Suffice it to say that to be an Incorrect among The Correct is similar to being an ape among humans; inferior in belief and practice, but capable of inflicting damage if the latter is caught off-guard. That shall not ever happen, for We are as vigilant as moss on a stone wall; surveying the landscape, listening for corruption, and creeping forward slowly but steadily. We are unwavering and unstoppable. We are The Correct. Certain animal species are Correct as well, but they have not any power to help Us. They merely work to convince the other creatures of The Earth. We know that this will be futile in the end. Some of these enlightened species include dolphins, snails, and turtles. The IncorrectMost of humanity, as well as most animal species, are totally Incorrect. They do not understand anything, nor do they live as they should. Some might say that it is not their fault; that they are merely ignorant and unenlightened. This is irrelevant. Some of the false beliefs that fall into the category of Incorrectness include religion and philosophy. Such Wrong opinions will be eliminated in Our time of Glory, but that shall not come to pass for many centuries yet. Ingreaem said once that:Those who are foolish enough to renounce reality are doomed to be destroyed by it. As a mortal can be consumed by his own ignorance of hissurroundings, so can a God. Thus, it is imperative to cleanse ourselves of allmistruth.for it will destroy us.in time.11 This is an excerpt from the Rajjag di Siddal, a tome located in Alexandria. It represents an an ancient priests doctrine concerning the tapestry of reality. It is believed to have been written in 1082 B.C.E. These words are sacred to Us, and must be revered as much as any other collection of Truths. For centuries, the Incorrect and the Wrong have tried to thwart Us. Using tools such as lies and propaganda to mislead the foolish, they have attempted repeatedly to turn all of humanity to the ways of The Untruth. Sometimes, they are so devious that they will actually use truth itself to stop us. These miscreants will tell a group of ignorant peasants an actual Truth, and use its power over them for the purposes of manipulation for the ultimate goal of the destruction of Truth. These are demons, and must be stopped. They are the most evil and sinister of The Incorrect; they know of

equiano essays

equiano essays In The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano written by himself, Equiano begins his narrative in the simple, yet enthusiastic voice that carries the reader throughout his life story. He makes his plans entirely clear, he intends his narrative to open the world's eyes to the degradation and inhumanity of slavery. Yet he knows, too, that merely preaching of goodwill towards Africans would not turn any heads. He must show directly the irony that those naming others "barbarians" were the barbaric ones themselves. His intensely personal story, with detailed descriptions of what he saw cruel or ordinary and of how one African dealt with forced encounters with different lands and cultures, was what it would take for Englishmen to relate and thus to understand. We are going to look at who Equianos audience was and how he tried to reach these particular Equaino writes his narrative in a very honest and informal form, as if he is writing to someone that he knows well. The audience however, seems to be the people of the Americas as well as Europe, not just other blacks or slaves. For this reason the book is published in America as well as Europe several times while Equiano is still living. In the narrative, Equiano attempts to tell his story with a very fair and accurate historical tone. By doing this he can gain his readers trust as an unbiased historian, calling for necessary action, rather than an angry slave trying to get back at the slaveholders. For Equiano, staying in England meant working towards his goals through British culture. This is how his Interesting Narrative gained the structure it has. With Equiano's reformative intent for the novel, his confusing combination of culture and upbringing, and the intended audience to hear his reformative cry, his best bet to reach this audience was mostly by means with which they were fami ...

HIS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HIS - Assignment Example 4. What group was targeted for employment in American factories? American factories targeted poor recent immigrants to work. Irish, German, and French immigrants worked in American factories in the first half of the 19th century. 5. How did banks stimulate the economy? Banks stimualated the economy by lending money to entrepeneurs who wanted to capitalize on the ever-growing American movement West. They also helped finance speculators buying real estate and investing in industrialization. 6. Why did voter turnout continue to rise in the 1830s?Voter turnout continued to rise in the 1830s because more and more people were given the opportunity to vote. Voting was becoming more democratized, with less restrictions on people to vote (ie. Land owning, Christian, etc.). As America settled westward, more people were involved politically. 7. What had happened to the Republican Party by the election of 1832?By 1832, the Republican party of Jefferson had crumbled, replaced by the Democrats and the common man party of Andrew Jackson and the federalist Whig Party. It would reappear in the 1850s with Abraham Lincoln and an anti-slavery focus, and continue to be the Republican party of modern times. 8. What most defined Jacksons presidency?ANdrew Jackson’s presidency was most defined by the first election of a â€Å"self-made man.† He was not highly educated or an Eastern elite, but a westerner, a sel-made man, and a man of battle, who represented the common man and the West in his ascendancy to the presidency. Some would say his ignoring the US Supreme Court in Worcester v Georgia and moving the American Indians westward on the Trail of Tears to be an infamous legacy as well. to save them? Why?Of course, there were other ways to â€Å"save† the American Indians of the East, but would have come at a cost to American expansion and

E-business( i will upload the topic for the writer) Essay

E-business( i will upload the topic for the writer) - Essay Example The cloth line, sales people have the option of searching for the customer physical premises and deliver the product. In offline selling, the sales person physically identifies the need. For example, the clothe seller may notice that there many new born in the region therefore, decide to major on the present opportunity otherwise one may be wasting time trying to sell school uniforms. On this stage, the seller focuses on the customer needs, evaluates the suitable cloth to fit in well, and then prioritizes the customers (Goldman Sachs Group, 2012:24). It is advisable for the seller to let go off those not likely to buy to save time and other involving resources. The next step is the physical contact with the buyer. The seller uses communication skills to create interest from the first conversation. In this stage, the seller uses humor to make the process interesting and grab customer attention. The seller states the purpose of his visit clearly and time factor is put into consideratio n not to waste customers’ time (Reynar, Phillips, & Heumann, 2010:418). When presenting, the seller focuses on the benefit and qualities of the cloth. Allow the customer to ask many questions and wear a smile on your face. At this stage, he seller may face objections from the customer therefore, one should be able to handle customers’ worries and provide alternatives. ... For Pike to contact a successful online business, it understands the business obligation since its sales force will be performing transactions online. It is very keen not to incur looses from fraud or even viruses. Online business requires Pike to poses clear information and guidelines on order placement, delivery, warranties, refunds, and security. Privacy is also of high importance. The technological change is affecting and influencing the mode of selling and purchasing of goods and services because customers can access products and services in the internet. Even though the customer and the seller are not in the same place, they are able to conduct a business transaction (Marilyn & Judy, 2010:217). Pike has a website where it displays information about the available clothes, size, quality, theme, fabric characteristics, colors, and even price. The online seller has to prospect customers and send them to the website. Pike has to identify with the customer need and therefore, step in to satisfy it. Pike strategizes and outdoes competition since so many products are available online. Once a prospecting customer opens the website, Pike is able to establish a rapport. The rapport may emerge from the speed of downloading items and information, its aesthetics and navigation. Every activity a customer performs on the website is an opportunity to establish rapport. To establish on this, the site is friendly to the customer from the first instance. For example, the customer is able to find all the information required about a dress, the site downloads images first and provide an interactive platform where customers can post questions and recommendations. The site is

MORAL PERMISSIBILITY OF SOME ABORTIONS Research Paper

MORAL PERMISSIBILITY OF SOME ABORTIONS - Research Paper Example My research framework assesses the model on the criteria of possible dissimilarities and their relationship through analysis of literature ‘A Defense of Abortion’ from Thomson. The purpose of this document is to support the pro-life arguments for protecting the life of child rather than pro-choice arguments for moral permissibility of abortion based on Thomson’s analogies. Thomson applies series of analogies to prove pro-abortion arguments considering violinist scenario as base for all the relationship. The core arguments of Thomson include three fundamental premises. The first premise emphasizes the moral permissibility of abortion to protect the life of women. The second premise argues for morality of abortion even if fetus is given the status of fully evolved person. Her third premise finds the activist supporting the pro-life arguments are based on false premises. The derivation of third premise brings the conclusion that nullifies the validity of every argument against abortion. She observes that there are no other cases like pregnancy. This is why she creates the violinist analogy to provide a similar kind of case even though she agrees that any such comparison is bizarre. I will analyze the reflection of Thomson’s point of view at the various stages to develop my arguments. I will also do meta-analysis of analogies applied by Thomson in which she defends the case of abortion through counter-example instead of making positive points by providing supportive examples. The following section digs into the arguments of Thomson to challenge the assumptions in the examples for abortion debate. The philosopher Judith Jarvis Thomson advocates the argument for rights of women in ‘A Defense of Abortion’. I have selected MIT philosopher’s landmark paper for discussion on the morality of abortion. I aim to understand Thomson’s strategy based on the core structure of her arguments to apply the conclusion for broader aspect of moral

Biological Effects Of Radiation

Biological Effects Of Radiation Radiation describes a process in which energetic particles or waves travel through a medium or space. There are two distinct types of radiation; ionizing and non-ionizing. The word radiation is commonly used in reference to ionizing radiation only having sufficient energy to ionize an atom but it may also refer to non-ionizing radiation example like radio waves or visible light. The energy radiates travels outward in straight lines in all directions from its source. This geometry naturally leads to a system of measurement and physical that is equally applicable to all types of radiation. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can be harmful to organisms and can result in changes to the natural environment. Radiation with sufficiently high energy can ionize atoms. Most often, this occurs when an electron is stripped from an electron shell, which leaves the atom with a net positive charge. Because cells are made of atoms, this ionization can result in cancer. An individual cell is made of trillions of atoms. The probability of ionizing radiation causing cancer is dependent upon the dose rate of the radiation and the sensitivity of the organism being irradiated. Alpha particles, Beta particles, Gamma and X-Ray radiation, and Neutrons may all be accelerated to a high enough energy to ionize atoms. Radiation includes alpha particle, beta particle, and gamma particle. Alpha particle: In alpha particle, the spontaneous process of emission of an alpha particle from a radioactive nucleus. Alpha particle is generally termed as alpha decay. An alpha particle is emitted by a heavy nucleus. The nucleus, called parent nucleus has a very large internal energy and is unstable. An alpha particle is a helium nucleus having two protons and two neutrons. When two electrons orbiting around the nucleus of helium atom are knocked out completely, we have doubly ionized helium atom known as alpha particle. Beta particle: a beta-particle is a fast moving electron. The spontaneous process of emission of beta-particle from a radioactive nucleus is called beta decay. Beta decay is of three types: beta-minus, beta-plus, and electron capture. Beta-minus: beta-minus is like an electron. It is surprising that nucleus contains no electron, then a nucleus can emit electron. In the neutron inside the nucleus is converted in to a proton and an electron like particle. This electron like particle is emitted by the nucleus during beta-decay. In beta-minus decay, neutron in the nucleus is converted in to a proton and a beta-minus particle is emitted so that the ratio of neutron to proton decreases and hence the nucleus becomes stable. Beta-plus: In a beta-plus decay, a proton is converted in to a neutron and a positron is emitted if a nucleus has more protons than neutrons. Electron capture: In electron capture, nucleus absorbs one of the inner electrons revolving around it and hence a nuclear proton becomes a neutron and a neutrino is emitted. Electron capture is comparable with a positron emission as the processes lead to the same nuclear transformation. However, in electron capture occurs more frequently than positron emission in heavy elements. This is because the orbits of electrons in heavy elements have same radii and hence orbital electrons are very close to the nucleus. Gamma ray: Gamma rays are the high energy packets of electromagnetic radiation. Gamma radiations have high energy photons. They do not have any charge and their relative rest mass is zero. Gamma-decay it is the spontaneous process of emission of high energy photon from a radioactive nucleus. When a radioactive nucleus emits a beta particle, the daughter nucleus is excited to the higher energy state. This excited nucleus rays are emitted by the daughter nucleus so it is clear that the emission of gamma rays follows the emission of alpha or beta particle.   Non ionizing radiation: Non-ionizing forms of radiation on living tissue have only recently been studied. Instead of producing charged ions when passing through matter, the electromagnetic radiation has sufficient energy to change only the rotational, vibration or electronic valence configurations of molecules and atoms. Nevertheless, different biological effects are observed for different types of non-ionizing radiation Radio waves: Radio waves whose wavelengths range from than 10^4m to 0.1m, are the result of charges accelerating through conducting wires. They are generated by such electronic devices as LC oscillators are used in radio and television communication system. Infrared rays: Infrared radiations have wavelength ranging from approximately 0.3m to 10^ -4m and also generated by the electronic devices. The infrared radiation energy absorbed by a substance as internal energy because the energy agitates the objects atoms, increasing their vibration or translational motion, which results temperature increases. Infrared radiation has practical and scientific application in many areas, including physical therapy, infrared radiation photography, and vibration spectroscopy. Ultraviolet radiation: Ultraviolet radiation cover wavelength ranging from approximately 4X10^4m to 6X10^-10m. The sun is an important source of ultraviolet radiation light, which is the main cause of sunburn. Sunscreen locations are transparent to visible light but greater percentage of UV light absorbed. Ultraviolet rays have also been implicated I the formation of cataracts. Most of the UV light from the sun is absorbed by ozone molecules in the earth upper atmosphere, in a layer called stratosphere. This ozone shield converts lethal high energy ultraviolet radiation to infrared radiation, which in turns warm the stratosphere. X-rays: X-rays have the range from approximately10^-8 to 10^-12m. The most common source of x-rays is stopping of high energy electrons upon the bombarding a metal target. X-rays are used as diagnostics tool in medicine and as the treatment for certain forms of cancer. Because x-rays can damage or destroy living tissue and organism, care must be taken avoid necessary exposure or over-exposure. X-rays are also used in the study of crystal structure because x-rays wavelengths are comparable to the atomic separation distance in solids. Electromagnetic radiation: The wave nature of electromagnetic radiation explains various phenomena like interference, diffraction and polarization. However, wave nature of electromagnetic radiation, could explain phenomena like photoelectric effect, Compton Effect. The cathode rays consist of negative charged particles called electrons which are the constituent of an atom and hence the constituent of matter. According to the concept of radiation example light waves radio waves, X-rays, microwaves etc. are assumed to carry energy in packets or bundles known as photons or quanta.    Biological effect of radiation: In biological effect of radiation, there are many dangerous effects of our health and body. Biological effects of radiation are typically can be divided into two categories. The first category consist of exposure to high doses of radiation over shots period of time producing acute or short term effects. The second category represents exposure to low doses of radiation over an extended period of time producing chronic or long term effects.   High dose (acute): high doses tend to kill cells, while low doses tend to damage or change them. High doses can kill so many cells that tissues and organs are damaged. This is turn may cause a rapid whole body response often called the acute radiation syndrome (ARS).   Low doses (chronic): low doses spread out over long periods of time dont cause an immediate problem to any body organ. The effects of low doses of radiation occur at the level of the cell, and the results may not be observed for many years.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although we tend to associate high doses of radiation with catastrophic events such as nuclear weapons explosions, there have been documented cases of individuals dying from exposures to high doses of radiation resulting from tragic events. High effects of radiation: high effects of radiation are skin burns, hair loss, sterility, cataracts. Effects of skin include (reddening like sunburn), dry (peeling), and moist (blistering). Skin effects are more likely to occur with exposure to low energy gamma, x-ray, or beta radiation. Most of the energy of the radiation deposit in the skin surface. The dose required for erythematic to occur is relatively high, in excess of 300 radiations. Blistering requires a dose in excess of 1,200 radiations. Hair loss, also called epilation, is similar to skin effects and can occur after acute doses of about 500 radiations. Sterility can be temporary or permanent in males, depending upon the doses. To produce permanent sterility, a dose in excess of 400 radiations is required to the reproductive organs. Cataracts (a clouding of the lens of the eye) appear to have a threshold about 200 radiations. Neutrons are especially effective in producing cataracts, because the eye has high water content, which is particularly effective in stopping neutrons. High dose effects: Dose (radiation)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   effect observed 15-25  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   blood count changes. 50  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   blood count change in individual. 100  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vomiting (threshold). 150  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Death (threshold). Categories of effects of exposure to low doses of radiation: There are three general categories of effects resulting from exposure to low doses of radiation. These are: Genetic: the effect is suffered by the offspring of the individual exposed. Somatic: the effect is primarily suffered by the individual exposed. Since cancer is the primary result, it is sometimes called the carcinogenic effect. In-utero: some mistakenly consider this to be a genetic consequence of radiation exposure, because the effect, suffered by a developing is after birth. However, this is actually a special case of the somatic effect, since the embryo is the one to the radiation. Radiation risk: the approximate risks for the three principal effects to level of radiation are: In genetic effect, risk from 1 rem of radiation exposure to the reproductive organs approximately 50 to 1,000 times less than spontaneous risk for various anomalies. In somatic effect, for radiation induced cancer, the risk estimate is developing any type of cancer. However not all cancers are associated with exposure to radiation. The risk from dying from radiation induced cancer is about one half the risk of getting the cancer. In utero: Spontaneous risks of fetal abnormalities are about 5 to 30 times greater than risk of exposure to 1 rem radiation. However, the risk of child hood cancer from exposure in utero is about the same as the risk to adults exposed to radiation exposures. Linear no-threshold risk model: general consensus among experts is that some radiation dose by a linear, no threshold model. This model is accepted by the NRC since it appears to be most conservative. Linear: an increase in dose adults in a proportional increase in risk. No-threshold: any dose, no matter how small, produces some risk. The risk does not start at 0 because there is some risk of cancer, even with no occupational exposure. Exposure to radiation is guarantee of harm. However, because of the linear, no-threshold model, more exposure means more risk, and there is no dose of radiation so small that it will not have some effect. EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON CELLS Ionizing radiation absorbed by human tissue has enough energy to remove electrons from the atoms that make up molecules of the tissue. When the electron that was shared by the two atoms to form a molecular bond is dislodged by ionizing radiation, the bond is broken and thus, the molecule falls apart. This is a basic model for understanding radiation damage. When ionizing radiation interacts with cells, it may or may not strike a critical part of the cell. We consider the chromosomes to be the most critical part of the cell since they contain the genetic information and instructions required for the cell to perform its function and to make copies of it for reproduction purposes. Also, there are very effective repair mechanisms at work constantly which repair cellular damage including chromosome damage. Uses of radiation: Nuclear physics application are extremely widespread in manufacturing, medicine in biology, we present a few of these application and underlying theories supporting them. Tracing: Radioactive tracers are used to track chemicals participating in various reactions. One of the most valuable uses of radioactive tracers in medicine. For example, iodine, a nutrient needed by the human body, is obtained largely through intake of iodized salt and sea food. Radiation therapy: Radiation causes much damage to rapidly dividing cells. Therefore, it is useful in cancer treatment because tumor cells divide extremely rapidly. Several mechanisms can be used to deliver radiation to a tumor. In some cases, a narrow beam of x-ray or radiation from a source such as 60co is used. In other situation, thin radioactive needles called seeds are implanted in the cancerous tissue. The radioactive isotope 131I is used to treat cancer of the thyroid.   Black body radiation: An object at any temperature emits electromagnetic waves in the form of thermal radiation from its surface. The characteristics of this radiation depend on the temperature and properties of the objects surface. Thermal radiation originates from accelerated charged particles in the atoms near the surface of the object; those charged particles emit radiation much as small antennas do. The thermally radiation agitated particles can have a distribution of energies, which accounts for the continuous spectrum of radiation emitted by the object. The basic problem was in understanding the observed distribution of wavelengths in the radiation emitted by a black body. A black body is an ideal system that absorbs all radiation incidents on it. The electromagnetic radiation emitted by the black body is called blackbody radiation. Radiation damage: Radiation damage means that electromagnetic is all around in the form of radio waves, microwaves, light waves so on. The degree and type of damage depend on several factors, including the type and energy of the radiation and properties of the matter. Radiation damage in biological organism is primarily due to ionization effects in cells. A cells normal operation may be disrupted when highly reactive ions are formed as the result of ionizing radiation. Large those of radiation are especially dangerous because damage to a great number of molecules in a cell may cause to die. In biological systems, it is common to separate radiation damage in two categories: somatic damage and genetic damage. Somatic damage is that associated with any body cell except the reproductive cells. Somatic damage can lead to cancer or can seriously alter the characteristics of specific organism. Genetic damage affects only reproductive cells. Damage to the genes in reproductive cells can lead to defective cells. It is important to be the aware of the effect of diagnostics treatments, such as X-rays and other forms of radiation exposure, and to balance the significant benefits of treatment with the damaging effects. Damage caused by the radiation also depends on the radiations penetrating power. Alpha particles cause extensive damage, but penetrate only to shallow depth in a material due to strength interaction with other charged particles. Neutrons do not interact via the electric force and hence penetrate deeper, causing significant damage. Gamma rays are high energy photons that can cause serve damage, but often pass through matter without interactions. For example- a given dose of alpha particle causes about ten times more biological damage produced by radiation than equal dose of x-rays. The RBE (relative biological effectiveness) factor for a given type of radiation is the number of rads of x-radiation or gamma radiation that produces the same biological damage as 1-rad of the radiation is being used. Radiation detectors: Particles passing through matter interact with the matter in several ways. The particles can, for example- ionize atoms, scatter from atoms, or be absorbed by atoms. Radiation detectors exploit these interactions to allow a measurement of the particles energy, momentum, or change and sometimes the very existence of the particle if it is otherwise difficult to detect. Various devices have been developed for detecting radiation. These devices are used for a variety of purposes, including medical diagnoses, radioactive dating measurement, measuring back ground radiation, and measuring the mass, energy, and momentum of particles is created in high-energy nuclear reaction.   EFFECT OF RADIATION ON HUMANS A very small amount of ionizing radiation could trigger cancer in the long term even though it may take decades for the cancer to appear. Ionizing radiation (x-rays, radon gas, radioactive material) can cause leukemia and thyroid cancer. There is no doubt that radiation can cause cancer, but there still is a question of what level of radiation it takes to cause cancer. Rapidly dividing cells are more susceptible to radiation damage. Examples of radiosensitive cells are blood forming cells (bone marrow), intestinal lining, hair follicles and fetuses. Hence, these develop cancer first. If a person is exposed to radiation, especially high dose, there are predictable changes in our body that can be measured. The number of blood cells, the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the blood cells and the amount of radioactive material in urine, are examples of biomarkers that can indicate if one is exposured high dose. If you do not have early biological changes indicated by these measurements the radiation exposure will not pose an immediate threat to you. Radiation poisoning Radiation poisoning, radiation sickness or a creeping dose, is a form of damage to organ tissue caused by excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. The term is generally used to refer to acute problems caused by a large dosage of radiation in a short period, though this also has occurred with long term exposure. The clinical name for radiation sickness is acute radiation syndrome as described by the CDC A chronic radiation syndrome does exist but is very uncommon; this has been observed among workers in early radium source production sites and in the early days of the Soviet nuclear program. A short exposure can result in acute radiation syndrome; chronic radiation syndrome requires a prolonged high level of exposure. Radiation exposure can also increase the probability of developing some other diseases, mainly cancer tumors, and genetic damage. These are referred to as the stochastic effects of radiation, and are not included in the term radiation. Radiation Exposure Radiation is energy that travels in the form of waves or high-speed particles. It occurs naturally in sunlight and sound waves. Man-made radiation is used in X-rays nuclear weapons, nuclear power plants and cancer treatment. If you are exposed to small amounts of radiation over a long time, it raises your risk of cancer. It can also cause mutations in your genes, which you could pass on to any children you have after the exposure. A lot of radiation over a short period, such as from a radiation emergency can cause burns or radiation sickness. Symptoms of radiation sickness include nausea, weakness, hair loss, skin burns and reduced organ function. If the exposure is large enough, it can cause premature aging or even death.

The Soaring Juvenile Crime Rate :: juvenile delinquency crime

The Soaring Juvenile Crime Rate   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is comforting to know that, according to recent crime statistics, crime rates are dropping among adults. However, for teens the crime rate is soaring. Between 2000 and 2004, the rate at which adults age 25 and older committed homicides declined 22%; yet the rate jumped 16% for youths between 14 and 17. This age group surpassed the 18 - 24-year-old group in the early 2000's as the most crime-prone. (Between 1966 and 2001, 18 - 24 showed a 62% increase in homicides; 14 - 17 showed a 124% increase in murders.) It is this age group that will be booming in the next decade (currently 39 million under 10).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, the American Civil Liberties Union, in a fact sheet on juvenile crime published in mid May of this year, stated that contrary to public perception, the percentage of violent crimes committed by juveniles is low. According to one estimate, only 13% of violent crimes are committed by young people (Gallup Poll Monthly, Sept. 2004). The ACLU further suggests that the public also holds greatly inflated perceptions about the violence of today's juveniles, claiming only about 0.5% of young people commit violent crimes. ( ³ Crime Time Bomb, ² U.S. News & World Report, March 25, 2006)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Current social trends do little to contradict the dire predictions made about youth crime rates. Nearly all the factors that contribute to youth crime -- single-parent households, child abuse, deteriorating inner-city schools -- are getting worse. At the same time, government is doing less (spending less) to help break the cycle of poverty and crime.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Predicting a generation ¹s future crime pattern is, of course, risky. Especially when outside factors remain unpredictable (Will drug use be up or down? Will gun laws be tightened?). Also, from year to year, crime rates can fluctuate much like the stock market. What goes up generally comes down, and what goes down generally comes back up.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is probably no surprise to hear that crime rates among juveniles vary across race (structural limitations/discrimination, self-fulfilling prophecy, etc.). Minorities, especially Blacks, have a higher arrest rate for violent

Research Proposal †Brief Provisional Title Essay

Brief Provisional Title: To what extent does media reporting, during a two-month period in 2000 contribute to the vigilantes towards paedophiles. The main aims of the dissertation: It can be suggested amongst academic literature that much of the heightened attacks against paedophiles is media generated, generally the media is perceived as instigators of provoking and motivating heightened anxiety and vigilantes amongst the public domain (refer to Kitzinger, 1999b and Soothill, 1991). Ultimately it can be claimed that tabloid newspapers have led the way in the construction of the personification of paedophiles, often portraying them as ‘perverts’, ‘evil’ and ‘beasts’, reinforcing the public’s beliefs that paedophiles are somewhat a different species apart from ‘ordinary’ people. It can be platitude amongst academic commentators â€Å"that the newsprint media do more than merely reflect social reality† (Greer, 2003, P.44 ), the media can be accused of amplifying a moral panic or even cultivating a mob rule mentality through such conceptualisations. The print media potentially play an active role in criminological theory, too exemplify labelling theory. The labelling theory focuses on the premise that crime and criminal behaviour is a social process, that of the relationship between an individual who is defined as deviant and those who have the power to label such individual as deviant. These general propositions attribute the media as an important factor in such process, thus helping to construct the paedophile with a hate figure identity. The process by which labelling occurs has social and psychological implications on those who are labelled, which in my research is paedophiles. Embedded within such theory exists the belief that such individuals who are labelled are likely to incorporate the label within their self-image and such stigmatisation is likely to affect how they are treated by others in the future. Indeed Spencer, 1999 proclaims that â€Å"where paedophiles are hounded out, they will go underground† (Spencer , 1999, P.178). Such a theory will be applied into my dissertation to attempt to explain whether the labelling of paedophiles by the print media contribute to the vigilantes towards paedophiles. However throughout my research process there existed an identifiable relationship between the failures of legislation, in accordance to the protection of children and vigilante attacks towards paedophiles, as â€Å"people seem to have lost confidence in the system and have decided to take the law into their own hands† (David, 1997, P.20). But such a relationship will not be acknowledged within my research, as my aim is to examine the way in which paedophiles are represented and labelled through print media reporting. Examining such relationship between legislation and vigilante attacks would inevitably result in me exploring outside the realm of my research question. The central research question I wish to explore is: â€Å"To what extent does media reporting, during a two-month period contribute to the vigilantes towards paedophiles?† My initial hypothesis is that negative labelling of paedophiles perceived through the print media structure individuals perceptions. There also exists a certain complicity towards the way in which the print media reinforces or contributes people’s actions to act violently towards paedophiles. Reasons for undertaking research: Although I have never worked with sex offenders or with victims who have experienced such abuse, the desire to focus my dissertation on paedophiles originated from the tragic death of Sarah Payne in July 2000 by Roy Whiting, a previous convicted sex offender. What jilted my interest was the profound response of the public and media, which triggered a campaign for the implementation of ‘Sarah’s Law’. Such a campaign resulted in the actions of the Sunday newspaper, the News Of The World publicly naming and shaming convicted paedophiles. To me this is detrimental not only to children but also to paedophiles are they are likely to pose a greater risk to children. A great concern of mine is the way in which paedophiles are stereotypically represented by the media, as it notably feeds the hysteria of public fear and incites such hostility for lynch mob frenzy. Methodology and methods: To investigate the way in which paedophiles are portrayed in the print media and does such portrayal reinforce violent behaviour, I wish to examine both written text and visual images, thus resulting in my methodology consisting of a qualitative approach. My methodology will allow me to explore the ideological themes and stereotypical language embedded within such press report, evaluating whether conceptualisations of the paedophile incite a violent mentality. The source of documentation I wish to analyse in my methodology, will be from national newspapers from the year 2000, such as the News Of The World, The Sun, the Daily Mail and The Guardian, which will consist of a time framework of two months, preferably being the months July and August. I wish to explore these specific months as the newspaper, the News Of The World, in the summer of 2000 undertook such initiative to publicly name and shame convicted paedophiles. Examining newspapers during this period will inevitably provide me with a rich source of information to evaluate and analyse. Due to my study concentrating on a limited time framework and a specific theme it is fair to illustrate that my study will not represent the norm of the print media in relation to the way in which paedophiles are ascribed with such label, my study will only represent a fragment of the print media. However my intentions from my findings is to elucidate the representation of paedophiles within the print media and provide a rigorous analysis concerning the way in which the media militates violent behaviour towards paedophiles. Thus in relation to my research there may exist some difficulties I may encounter these may include, with respect to a paedophile report, me questioning to what extent a report featured in a newspaper is actually valid, which could result in my findings representing a misinterpretation of paedophiles. With respect to resources, I may encounter difficulties in relation to gaining access to newspaper articles from the year 2000. Some articles can be gained from UWCN Library but other articles from newspapers such as the News Of The World and The Sun may result in me researching beyond the UWCN library to libraries such as Cardiff or even paying to order back issues from the internet. Bibliography: David, M. (1997). Child Protection, Moral Outrage or Mob Rule? Community Care. 7 August, PP. 20-21. Greer, C. (2003). Sex Crime And The media, Cornwall: Willan Publishing. Kitzinger, J. (2002). The Ultimate Neighbour Form Hell? Stranger Danger And The Media Framing Paedophiles. In: Jewkes, Y and Letherby, G. Criminology: A reader, London: Sage Publications. McDonald, l. (2001). Sex Offender, The Home Office And the Sunday Papers, Journal of Social Welfare and family Law 23 (1), PP. 103-108. Reiner, R (2002). Media Made Criminality. In: Maguire, M and et-al. The Oxford Handbook Of Criminology, Oxford university press. Thomas, T. (2002). Sex Crime, Sex Offending And Society, Cornwall, Willan publishing. Tierney, J. (1996). Criminology, Theory And Context, England: Longman. White, R and Haines, F. (1996). Crime and Criminology, An Introduction, Oxford University Press.

Benihana Company Essay Essays

Benihana Company Essay Essays Benihana Company Essay Essay Benihana Company Essay Essay Helping our invitees feel welcome is every bit of import as our cookery. And it is merely every bit great a accomplishment. Ever endeavoring for excellence in cordial reception. it is genuinely our restaurant household who has built Benihana’s success. Company History: Benihana. Inc. owns and licenses eating houses in the Benihana and Benihana Grill concatenation of Nipponese dinnerhouses. The eating houses specialise in an exhibition-style of Nipponese cookery called teppanyaki. Customers sit around a communal tabular array at which a Benihana chef pieces their seafood. steak. poulet. and veggies with lightning velocity. grills their repast right in forepart of them. and so tosses it accurately onto their home bases. The eating houses are decorated with Samurai armour and valuable art. and Shoji rice paper screens partition the dining countries. For the financial twelvemonth stoping March 31. 1996. the company had gross revenues of over $ 81 million. an all-time high. By December 1996. Benihana operated a sum of 49 accredited and entirely owned eating houses in 20 provinces every bit good as in Bogota. Columbia. and Aruba. Netherlands Antilles. Early History. from Tokyo to New York The laminitis of Benihana. Inc. was a 25-year-old Olympic grappler from Japan named Hiroaki Rocky Aoki. He got his start in the eating house concern by working after school in his family’s java store in downtown Tokyo. His female parent named the household concern Benihana after a ruddy flower that survived the bombardment of Tokyo during World War II. Rocky was a combatant. supporting himself in the streets and schoolyards against bigger male child. He got hooked on wrestling. became a national university title-holder. and earned a topographic point on the 1960 Olympic squad. Although he didn’t compete because he was over his weight bound. he did fall in love with New York when the plane stopped at that place on the manner to the Games in Rome. That autumn he left Japan for the United States. In 1964. Aoki graduated from New York Community College’s School of Hotel and Restaurant Management. During the summer he earned money driving the lone ice pick truck in Harlem. The occupation was non easy. as he explained in an article in Management Review. â€Å"Every clip I robbed. I get up before the following twenty-four hours and work subsequently to do up. Every clip I lose money. I get more challenge. † With that doctrine. he managed to salvage $ 10. 000 during the summer. which. along with a loan. was plenty to get down his first eating house. Benihana of Tokyo. Aoki’s construct for his new eating house. derived from forte eating houses he knew of in Japan. was portion amusement and portion nutrient service. He wanted to offer Americans nutrient they were familiar with. such as poulet. steak. and runt. prepared in a fresh scene. He chose the teppanyaki table–a chromium steel steel grill surrounded by a wooden feeding surface–where clients could watch a knife-wielding. joke-telling chef prepare and serve their nutrient. His parents and brothers came from Japan to assist him acquire started. Unfortunately. New Yorkers equated Nipponese nutrient with natural fish and weren’t comfy sitting at a tabular array with aliens. They ignored the midtown Manhattan restaurant until the eating house critic of the New York Herald Tribune gave it a glowing reappraisal. Suddenly. everyone in New York. including the Beatles and Muhammad Ali. wanted to sit around one of Benihana of Tokyo’s four teppanyaki tabular arraies. Within six months after the reappraisal the eating house had paid for itself. and Aoki rapidly opened another eating house in a larger. fancier edifice. The new location provided the same teppanyaki-style cookery but was decorated with valuable art. Samurai armour. heavy wooden ceiling beams brought from Japan by Aoki’s male parent. and skiding Shoji screens to supply some privateness. 1965-80: Constructing a Company The Benihana construct combined sensible monetary values with good nutrient. and. by fixing what was eaten right at the tabular array. held waste to a lower limit. Net incomes were good. and. in 1968. Aoki opened his first Benihana of Tokyo outside New York City–in downtown Chicago. That location made $ 700. 000 in its first twelvemonth and continued to be one of the company’s top gaining mercantile establishments. Between 1969 and 1972. the company opened six more of its ain eating houses and licensed franchisees to open another 10. In a joint venture with the Las Vegas Hilton. the company developed Benihana Village. a 38. 000-square-foot composite of eating houses. bars. and other amusement locales. In 1972. the company grossed $ 12 million and the Harvard Business School selected Benihana of Tokyo as a instance survey of an entrepreneurial success narrative. With concern traveling so good. Rocky Aoki could give clip to his other involvements which included racing balloons and motorboats. roll uping points runing from vintage autos to slot machines and larning backgammon. â€Å"Rocky wanted to play. † Joel Schwartz. the company’s president. explained in a 1989 Forbes article. To assist supervise the chain’s operations and enlargement. Aoki brought in a direction company. Hardwicke Cos. . as a spouse in 1976. The relationship lasted merely four old ages and. in 1980. Aoki ended the partnership. paying $ 3. 7 million to interrupt the contract. As Rod Willis of Management Review explained in a 1986 article. â€Å"He [ Aoki ] felt the company’s direction manner clashed with his predominately Oriental work force. and he wanted to keep control over each restaurant’s quality. † The undermentioned twelvemonth Aoki settled. without acknowledging any guilt. a Securities and Exchange Commission charge that h e had improperly traded in Hardwicke stock piece functioning as vice-president of Hardwicke. The 1980s: Ups and Downs To assist pay off the debt incurred in the split with Hardwicke. Aoki decided to take portion of the company populace. He accomplished this by holding Benihana of Tokyo ( BOT ) signifier Benihana National Corporation ( BNC ) in 1982 and so taking the latter company public the undermentioned twelvemonth. Investors paid the Miami-based BNC $ 11 for a unit dwelling of two common portions and a warrant to purchase another at $ 6. With the $ 5. 5 million raised by selling half a million of these units. BNC bought 11 eating houses from Aoki in exchange for 60 per centum of the BNC common stock and $ 2. 5 million to pay BOT’s debt. Later in the twelvemonth. BNC bought another three eating houses from BOT for $ 7 million. In malice of the new corporate construction. Benihana of Tokyo and Benihana National Corporation remained under the direction of the same group of executives. As corporate president. Joel Schwartz continued to supervise the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours operation of both companies. Aoki. who served as president of both entities. retained 51 per centum of the common stock in BNC and kept approximately 30 eating houses in the in private held BOT. Aoki developed new constructs for the Benihana nutrient concatenation but he besides continued to play hard. going a championship-level backgammon participant and puting a universe record in off-shore motorboat racing. The Double Eagle V. a 400. 000 cubic-foot gas balloon. displayed the Benihana logo as it became the first crewed balloon to successfully traverse the Pacific Ocean. with Aoki as one of the crew members. One of Aoki’s new constructs was Benihana National Classics. a line of Chinese epicures frozen nutrients. introduced in 1984 and sold in supermarkets. Chinese culinary art was chosen when the company found that Nipponese nutrient didn’t freezing good. Within a twelvemonth the Classics were the best-selling Oriental frozen nutrients in the United States. with gross revenues in one one-fourth entirely making more than $ 40 million and net incomes mounting to over $ 4 million. The company’s stock took off. traveling every bit high as $ 21. 50 in 1985. In December of that twelvemonth. Restaurant and Institution magazine named Benihana of Tokyo the most popular family-style eating house in America. At that clip. Benihana of Tokyo and Benihana National together operated or franchised eating houses in 60 locations. from Seattle to New Jersey. functioning a sum of 25. 000 clients a twenty-four hours. Benihana National’s frozen nutrient success rapidly attracted the attending of major nutrient companies. When Campbell Soup and Stouffer’s began offering their ain lines of Oriental frozen nutrients. nevertheless. Benihana couldn’t compete. The company lost $ 11 million on frozen nutrients between 1985 and 1987 and eventually sold the concern. for $ 4. 5 million. to the little company that had been bring forthing the dinners for them. Frozen nutrient. nevertheless. was non Aoki’s merely new thought. In 1985. Benihana National opened its first seafood eating house. The Big Splash. merely North of Miami. Aoki believed the sea would be the primary provider of nutrient in the hereafter. and. borrowing an thought from a Malayan fish market. came up with the construct of a seafood marketplace/restaurant. Customers could take from 100s of assortments of fresh seafood. make up ones mind how they wanted it cooked. and watch it being prepared. The thought was so popular ab initio that a 2nd Big Splash was opened. The seafood eating houses shortly experienced trouble. nevertheless. registering losingss of $ 2. 7 million during 1987. The broad assortment of options ran wholly counter to the tight focal point and minimum waste of the Benihana chophouses. At the Miami location. the bulk of clients were retired persons who resented the high monetary values and preferred to eat fish they were familiar with. â€Å"All we sold was pink-orange and ruddy center. † Aoki told Eric Schmukler in a March 1989 Forbes article. The company closed its Large Splash mercantile establishments in March 1988. The 1988 financial twelvemonth was a difficult 1 for Benihana. as the company recorded a loss of about $ 7 million. Despite the company’s fiscal jobs with Classicss and Big Splash. the Benihana eating houses themselves were still popular. By the terminal of financial 1989. the publically owned Benihana National Corp. reported net incomes of some $ 1. 8 million on gross revenues of $ 34 million at its 20 eating houses. with Aoki’s privately-held Benihana of Tokyo taking in similar grosss. 1990-94: Making a Turnaround Rocky Aoki kicked off the new decennary by opening a gallery in one of the Miami Benihana eating houses to expose a part of what was going known in the art universe as the Rocky Aoki Collection. Having spent more than a twelvemonth consolidating his diverse aggregations. Aoki told Antiques A ; Collecting. â€Å"I think it’s a natural to hold a gallery here. More than 90. 000 people eat in this eating house every twelvemonth ; why non supply them with something beautiful to look at. non to advert purchase. if they so desire. † In a 300-square-foot infinite that had been the restaurant’s gift store. diners could see etchings by Icarts. lamps by Tiffany and Handel. and bronzes by Remington. The promotion about Aoki’s aggregation helped generate concern for the eating house. and overall company grosss continued to turn. Net incomes. nevertheless. were less than a million dollars a twelvemonth. and BNC stock fell below $ 1 a portion. Angry at the state of affairs. some stockholders sued. As Marilyn Alva reported in a 1992 Restaurant Business article. the stockholders claimed Aoki and his direction squad were in a struggle of involvement by pull offing the two companies. The plaintiffs further maintained that Benihana direction had misappropriated the assets of Benihana National Corporation. go throughing them through Benihana of Tokyo for their personal benefit. The stockholders. nevertheless. were finally unsuccessful in seeking to take control of the company off from Aoki. Meanwhile. Benihana direction took advantage of a health-conscious American public’s turning involvement in Nipponese nutrient and amusement. With the ticket line. â€Å"We have been the eating house of the ’90s since the ’60s. † Aoki and Schwartz instituted a major advertisement run emphasizing the fact that Benihana had ever offered healthful nutrient. Soon afterwards. in 1993. the Atlanta Benihana of Tokyo eating house added an 18-seat sushi saloon and 35-seat Karaoke dining room to pull more clients on weekday darks. Despite the higher labour and nutrient costs associated with sushi. the company reported an addition in beverage gross revenues. and a batch of sampling of the $ . 99 sushi pieces by people waiting to eat at the traditional teppanyaki tabular arraies. Learning from its experience a decennary earlier. in 1994 Benihana National Corp. decided to acquire into the frozen nutrient concern once more. This clip. nevertheless. by come ining into a licensing understanding with Campbell Soup Co. . the company hooked up with a major seller instead than seeking to vie with the large names. The new merchandise was a line of frozen stir-fry kits having the Benihana hallmark. The dinners served six people and sold for approximately $ 8. 00. As Peter McMullin. an analyst with Southeast Research Partners. told Florida Review. Internet. â€Å"This clip the scheme makes sense because it is associating with a high profile nutrient company to assist beef up the distribution side and countervailing the razor-thin borders of retail by fabricating with a low cost manufacturer like Campbell. † By the terminal of the financial twelvemonth. grosss were over $ 70 million. with net incomes up 41 per centum to $ 2. 4 million. 1995 and Beyond: A New Company At the beginning of 1995. Benihana National announced it would purchase Aoki’s 21 Benihana of Tokyo eating houses on the U. S. mainland. along with the U. S. rights to the Benihana hallmark. for about $ 6. 15 million. On May 16. a freshly created subordinate. Benihana Inc. . acquired the BOT eating houses and. through a amalgamation. at the same time acquired Benihana National. BNC stockholders received one portion in the new keeping company for each of their portions of Benihana National. Aoki continued to function as president of the new company and Schwartz as president. Benihana Inc. now owned or licensed the 43 Benihana eating houses in the Continental United States along with a franchise in Honolulu. It besides had the rights to develop or licence Benihana eating houses in Central and South America and the Caribbean Islands. Aoki kept private his Benihana of Tokyo eating houses in Hawaii. Britain. and Thailand. During 1995. the new company took several stairss to pull more clients. Benihana introduced weekend tiffin service and. following the success in Atlanta. opened sushi bars in seven locations. The company besides instituted a national Karaoke competition for its frequenters. In the autumn. the company opened its first smaller format unit. called the Benihana Grill. in Sacramento. At 3. 800 square pess. the Grill format was less than half the size of the traditional Benihana. and enabled the company to open units in smaller locations. peculiarly in urban countries. Schwartz had been polishing this format since 1989 as an option to the company’s more common free-standing. particular usage eating house edifices. The Benihana Grill was designed to suit 10 to 12 teppanyaki tabular arraies. compared to the 18 tabular arraies in the typical Benihana. Analyst Peter McMullin remarked. â€Å"Initial indicants are promoting even before the expansive gap. With the lower capital costs of a bout $ 500. 000 versus a stand-alone eating house cost of $ 2 million. this could go an tremendous growing vehicle for Benihana. † The new hours and offerings helped increase guest counts in bing eating houses by 8. 7 per centum and same shop gross revenues by an norm of 7. 7 per centum for financial 1996. This rise. plus the add-on of the Benihana of Tokyo eating houses and the new Benihana Grill. resulted in one-year grosss of over $ 81 million. Benihana’s growing came chiefly from increased traffic in its bing eating houses. and the company continued to back up that scheme. Early in 1996. in an attempt to derive a larger portion of the cultural market. the company launched Spanish-language telecasting advertizements in Miami and Los Angeles. In May. Benihana kicked off a biennial. $ 5 million ad run. concentrating on the amusement value of teppanyaki cookery. â€Å"We want to convey the Benihana name to a different audience. † company president Joel Schwartz told Nation’s Restaurant News in a May 6. 1996 article. â€Å"The ads show that Benihana is a topographic point the full household can come to and hold a good time–a topographic point they will see the chef perform and somersault runt. † Individual eating houses besides developed advanced selling techniques. A visit and repast at the Benihana in Bethesda. Maryland. for illustration. is one of the activities in the county’s socie tal surveies curriculum for 3rd graders larning about Japan. The company did non depend wholly on its bing eating houses for growing. During 1996. it besides signed rentals for several more Benihana Grills and expanded its franchise operations. including eating houses in Bogota. Columbia. and Aruba. Netherlands Antilles. Benihana’s path record of steady growing in same shop gross revenues. lifting client count. and profitableness appeared to be go oning into the late ninetiess as grosss for the first half of financial 1997 were up over eight per centum from the twelvemonth earlier. Further Reading: Alva. Marilyn. â€Å"Very Rocky Business: Aoki Besieged by Shareholder Suits. † Restaurant Business. February 10. 1992. â€Å"Benihana Buying Founder Aoki’s Units. † Nation’s Restaurant News. January 16. 1995. p. 14. â€Å"Benihana Net incomes Rise 67 % for First Nine Months of Fiscal ’95. † Nation’s Restaurant News. February 12. 1996. p. 12. â€Å"Benihana Testing Stir-Fry Kits. † Supermarket News. October 17. 1994. p. 28.

Problems with an English-medium Education

Problems with an English-medium Education Free Online Research Papers To what extent is English-medium education the solution or the problem in settings where English is not the dominant language of the pupils’ homes or local communities? Unfortunately, this is not a question I am going to be able to give one clear, definitive answer to as I believe that English-medium education can be both a problem, and a solution in situations where English is not the dominant language. On the one hand we have cases such as the one that can be seen in the state of Karnataka in India, where English-medium education has been replaced by one of the local languages, Kannada, a sensible decision many would say, but not when you consider that most of the urban areas in the State are multilingual, with people whose mother-tongues are Kannada, Tamil, Marathi, Malayalam, Punjabi, Gujarati, Sindhi, Bengali, and many more (Resource and Reference Materials, p.81), so here, it could be argued, that one combining language, such as English, should be used that would be of benefit to all as a lingua franca. Then on the other hand you have Kathleen Heugh’s argument that without a full understanding of their mother-tongue children will strugg le to fully understand what they are being taught, and that English-medium education should not begin until the children have received at least 6-8 years of mother-tongue education to avoid any such problems of comprehension (Learning English, pp.181-88) In relation to Heugh’s argument I believe low levels of competence could exist where bilingual education is introduced too early, as children are often reluctant to question meanings of words for fear of revealing their ignorance in a subject, and in so doing facing ridicule from other students. Children can also struggle when having to concentrate on not only the message in say, a geography lesson, but also the medium when that lesson is taught in a second language such as English. Subjects such as geography, mathematics, and history should therefore logically be taught in the classes mother-tongue to allow the content to be more readily accessible, and to prevent the slowing down of the progress of the whole class, at least until the children are capable of comprehending the language they are being taught in. Heugh conducted a study of English and colonial language education in South Africa, a country that had adopted English through linguistic imperialism towards the end of the nineteenth century. Heugh found that up until 1975, African children had received eight years of mother-tongue education, followed by a switch in secondary school to joint Afrikaans and English-medium education. The school leaving pass rate had improved from 43.5 per cent in 1955 to 83.7 per cent in 1976, figures that justify my belief that a monolingual education system throughout the child’s formative years of schooling is the correct course to take; however, this was to change dramatically with the introduction of only four years of mother-tongue education after the student led rebellions in Soweto of 1976. Within a few years it had become noticeable that academic performances had dropped dramatically, and that teachers responsible for students in grades 5-8 were not sufficiently competent enough in Engl ish to deal with the switch. English-medium education was proving a problem here for both students and teachers alike with its earlier introduction into the curriculum. John Rogers, a senior lecturer at the English Language Institute in Victoria, New Zealand, backs up these findings in his article ‘The world for sick proper’ (1990), as he claims ‘.that if the aim really is access to educational opportunity, progress is more likely to be achieved by education in local languages. [and that] despite the enormous resources it diverts from other educational development possibilities, it actually achieves very little’ [Learning English, pp.212-13]. We only need look at another example of an early stage introduction of the English-medium in to the curriculum in Malawi to see its failings. Here, through lack of resources and funding, classes can often reach sizes of over a hundred children, and choral chanting then becomes the method of education where children will merely repeat en masse after their teacher, and, although giving students the ability to practice their pronunciation, it allows for no form of correction for the individuals whose errors will go undetected. The students in these situations are being positioned as passive recipients of the language and not given the chance to engage with each other, therefore severely limiting their ability to converse fluently through the medium of English. Again then, one must question how much of the message of the lesson they are taking in as they concentrate more on the medium of English than the actual subject matter. We do not have to look as far as India though to see where an English-medium only education system may soon be a major socio-political issue, and that is within the UK. Without considering the increasing linguistic diversity of the UK’s population, partly through immigration, we may soon find ourselves in a situation very similar to the one in South Africa, where many children are failing to grasp the basics due to a fundamental lack of understanding in the language they are being taught in. Figures show that some 10 per cent of school students have English as a second language, whilst the figures in London are even higher, standing at nearer 30 per cent (Monaghan, 2007, p176). So where, if anywhere, can an English-medium education system be of an advantage to students?.. Bangalore, capitol city of the State of Karnataka in India, as I’ve already mentioned in my opening statement, is a state divided by many languages, but with one common denominator amongst them all, English. Activists in Karnataka, throughout the late 1970’s and early 1980’s argued as to which should be the language of education and state, with the outcome being that it should be Kannada, a language spoken by around only a third of the State, but this unfortunately was not the wishes of many of the people, merely activists in positions of power. English has become an international language, a language of business and education, and the people of the regions appreciate that fact, realising for their children to have any chance of obtaining positions of power in business and industry they must be able to speak English. One such child, a young girl named Ranika, attends Bishop Cotton School, where from the age of 5 the medium throughout the school is English only, and it is her father who believes that â€Å"If you really want to become a world citizen. they have to learn the English language.. whether it’s in science, arts, or in business.† [An English Education, DVD2, 00:01:20]. Children in the state of Karnataka have learned to converse in several languages, and seem to have done so with relative ease as we see with the example of Thara, a young girl who attends Government Girls High School, who, by her own admission, can quite happily talk to neighbours and friends in Hindi, English, Guajarati or Tamil [An English Education, DVD2]. Thara sees it as a good thing to be able to speak to others through the medium of English when they are not able to understand her mother tongue of Kannada. Activists such as M. Chidananda Murthy argue however, that to learn through the medium of English would be to lose ones culture and heritage [ibid], but even here parents disagree strongly with this argument as it’s claimed that if they have their own influences on their children and the ways in which they are raised, then there should be no fear of westernisation, and that both the English language and their Indian heritage can coexist comfortably side by side. Again we only need to look within our own shores to see where this particular issue could be raised though, with many fearing a loss of local customs and heritage through the teaching of a standardised form of English which does not reflect local dialects and accents. Annamalai (1986) claimed that ‘ English helps maintain divisions and hierarchies within a country’ [Learning English, p.212], but if anything, within the UK I believe it has the opposite effect, breaking down the prejudices of economic backgr ounds, ethnicity, or nationality, as here we are all taught a standardised English, so can all converse without fear of a lack of understanding or ridicule, regardless of our place of birth or heritage. Britain has become a multi-cultural society, and for us to all co-exist comfortably together then the most obvious solution seems to be for us to all be able to converse fluently in the same language, and this is only possible if we are all taught through the medium of English. English-medium education can therefore not be seen with one blanket ideal, and every situation must be investigated and considered on its own merits before deciding whether the medium is indeed the solution or the problem for students whose dominant language is not English. Graddol argues that although the charge of cultural imperialism has still not gone away, English must be seen as a global language used for a range of purposes by non-English speaking countries (Graddol, 2006, p101), but at the same time we must not let it become an executioner bringing death to any languages it comes into contact with. This unfortunately, is why I have struggled to come to one conclusion as to whether English-medium education is the solution or the problem, as I can see the benefits of one all encompassing international language, but would hate to think that to have it would mean the death of so many colourful and interesting other languages, and the disadvantages that would come with not being a ble to speak it. Bibliography Mercer, N., Swann, J., Mayor, B. (eds) (2007), Learning English, Abingdon, Routledge The Open University (2009), Resource and Reference Materials U211(2007) DVD ROM 2, Exploring the English Language, OU, DVD00222 Research Papers on Problems with an English-medium EducationStandardized TestingComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoQuebec and CanadaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraBringing Democracy to AfricaPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyPETSTEL analysis of IndiaResearch Process Part One

Quality Management and Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Quality Management and Accountability - Essay Example Experts posit that while distinct individual expertise is significant in the creation of team, however, they must not be able to overlook the need to openly communicate to each other to completely manage changes in the hospital. 2. The article you read indicated that there needs to be an agreement and understanding between employees and managers for successful quality programs. Discuss this aspect of the case study (e.g. did this occur, what understanding do you think each group had, etc). In the case at hand, while the team were able to attend training on quality improvement training and created its team for the hospital to strategize the changes for competitive leverage but there is apparent lack of communication and coordination to all departments about how the improvements will be undertaken with everyone’s participation. The case further showed that the human resources are demotivated. They were non-collaborative as demonstrated by their poor attendance in meetings; the c orrective action teams were dysfunctional but has instead focused on problem-solving with blame; poor reporting and documentation; and few were convinced that genuine total quality changes can be fully effected. It is appreciable that there are those who are interested to introduce changes in the administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, like Joe, but the drive for changes isn’t just enough. Joe was only able to send a team to undertake training on quality improvement team (QIT) and partially communicated his plan to few staff. The goal of attaining quality services was not shared by everyone. Managing changes within an organization require that the administration and its teams should sit down together and conduct an evaluation of hospital operation and organisational functions (Weeks, Helms, & Ettkin, 1995). There should also performance evaluation among employees. Such evaluation will assess how the human resources work viz-a-viz its goals and how the manageme nt function to complete its program effectively (Weeks, Helms, & Ettkin, 1995). The evaluation will outline the annual outputs of the hospital and determine the outcome of these programs. This will also cover an evaluation of company policies, human resource management and customer or patient supervision. When this evaluations are done, only then that the quality improvement teams (QIT) could formulate recommendations and program of actions that will serve as framework in instituting changes for the organization (Ciampa,1992). The recommendations will address all the problems and concerns raised in the evaluation holistically so that the team will be able to comprehensively respond to problems. As such, they will be able to see the correlation of reports from all departments, the evaluation process and the procedure of managing total quality improvements (Whetten, & Cameron, 1991). 3. What steps did the manager take to implement the improvement process? What steps did he do correctl y? Which ones did not work? As discussed earlier, the manager was only able to send the staff for training on quality improvement but in the absence of shared goal within the organization, the collaboration and cooperation became nil and nixed. Joe plans and sets target but these are not openly agreed and coordinated with all department heads, thus, the direction in in creating changes are not achieved and the outcome was

Limited Liabilty Partnership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Limited Liabilty Partnership - Essay Example These businesses are the most common and simplest ones since they just have one owner who runs the business by himself and is self employed. These types of businesses are east to start since they do not require much, if not any, legal obligations, and paperwork. It is important to note that the sole trader assumes the â€Å"all† the responsibility of the business. This includes looking after all the operations, issues, debts, loans and others. The problem with this business is that the sole trader has unlimited liability for the business and in case of bankruptcy, the sole trader would have to pay off the debts and claims from his pocket or by selling off the company’s assets and the sole trader’s assets as well (Hicks & Goo, pp. 13-18). Important here to note that the law does not provide the sole trader’s company, the status of a â€Å"separate legal entity† which other forms of business enjoy having. These businesses do not have the option of equity financing or in simple words issuing bonds and stocks for raising capital. Moreover, if the sole trader goes for debt financing, even then, the loan would be on his name and not on the company’s name and he, not the company, would be liable for paying off the loan (Mancuso, pp. 65-69). The second type of business would be of partnerships where two or more partners jointly start their business and share the responsibilities and ownership of the business. Unlike sole proprietor where only one person is responsible for everything, in partnerships, all the partners share the responsibility of running the business. However, their liability remains unlimited. This is because of the fact that partners are liable for any decision whether taken by him or any other partner. Moreover, if one partner runs away than the rest would have to pay his or her debts liabilities from their pockets (Martin, pp. 41-49). These types of businesses are easy to form and easy to dissolve as